Mechanism of Food Allergy

The mechanism of classical food allergy involves the release of inflammatory mediators after IgE antibodies bind to a mast cell. The sequence of events is as follows:

– Food antigen stimulates a class of lymphocytes called Th2 helper T cells

– These Th2 helper T cells secrete cytokines that instruct B lymphocytes to produce antigen-specific IgE antibodies

– IgE antibodies bind to mast cells and stimulate the release of inflammatory mediators, including histamine

– Inflammation is caused, producing classical allergic symptoms such as sneezing, watery eyes, itching, rashes, difficulty breathing etc

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